Background: To determine if illumination in the workplace complies with regulations and standards, illuminance meters are used to quantify the amount of light illuminating an object, surface, or general workplace. For accurate measurements, the calibration conditions and spectral response of the illuminance meter, and the characteristics of the light source being measured, must be considered.
Objectives: We compared the performance of the Goldilux auto-ranging illuminance meter (GL), the Goldilux-LED auto-ranging illuminance meter (GL-LED), and the Konica Minolta CL-70f (KM CL-70f ) illuminance meter in measuring light emitted by halogen incandescent lamps (hICLs), compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), and light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
Methods: The three meters were used to measure illuminance from low-, medium , and highpowered hICLs, CFLs, and LEDs, one metre away from the outer casings of the lamps.
Results: Results from the three meters were similar when measuring low- and medium-powered hICLs. Substantial differences in illuminance values were observed when measuring highpowered hICLs, and all CFLs and LEDs.
Conclusion: The GL, GL-LED, and KM CL-70f meters measured statistically significant differences in illuminance of hICLs, CFLs, and LEDs. To achieve accurate illuminance measurements, illuminance meters with low spectral mismatch uncertainties, spectral responses capable of measuring the entire visible spectrum, and which are calibrated to measure modern lamps, should be used. The South African National Standard (SANS 10114-1:2020) should be revised to include guidelines for the types of illuminance meters used, to promote accurate measurements in the workplace.

Background: South Africa's overburdened healthcare systems have led to criticism of its unsustainable tuberculosis management interventions. In 2011, the National Department of Health implemented an outpatient, decentralised care model, but this increased costs and jeopardised the long-term viability of prevention measures. Home confinement is now recognised as a viable intervention option, when combined with safety precautions such as ventilation and medical support. However, little is known about the risk of infection in this context.
Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of wind-driven roof turbines in enhancing ventilation and their potential to lower the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a residential setting.
Methods: Eight houses were selected and divided equally into intervention (wind turbines installed) and control groups, using a pairwise comparison method. The CO₂ decay method was used as a proxy to determine ventilation in the houses. The wind-driven roof turbines' potential to lower the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was stochastically evaluated using the Wells-Riley mathematical model.
Results: During two seasons, installation of a roof turbine resulted in twofold ventilation rates compared to the control houses. Consequently, the Wells- Riley model predicted a twofold reduction in the probability of infection in the intervention compared to the control households.
Conclusion: Low-cost, low-maintenance wind-driven roof turbines are effective in increasing ventilation in houses, and should be considered as an additional layer of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other infections in residential settings.

Background: Secondary trauma is trauma experienced by those in close contact with the victims of trauma. Research shows that some individuals exposed to photographs or video presentations of traumatic events may experience secondary trauma. This includes administrative staff within the South African Police Service (SAPS), who work with trauma dockets.
Objectives: We explored the effects of secondary trauma on administrative support staff within the SAPS, their access to psychological support in the SAPS, and their use of the employee health and wellness (EHW) services in the SAPS.
Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted among administrative support staff from one of the four Johannesburg clusters of the SAPS. In-depth interviews took place with seven staff members. The data were analysed using Atlas.ti.
Results: Administrative support staff are exposed to trauma through incident dockets, victim statements, and gruesome images. The study participants indicated that they experienced trauma daily, and symptoms of trauma such as flashbacks, anxiety, sadness, nightmares, paranoia, avoidance, recurrent thoughts, and fear of death. They were overprotective of their loved ones and paranoid. They were not utilising the EHW services due to lack of access to appropriate services, or the stigma attached to seeking help from mental health professionals.
Conclusion: The SAPS needs to develop and implement a strategy to mitigate the impact of secondary trauma on its personnel, which include administrative support staff. Evidence-based interventions, such as resilience training, should be considered as part of the strategy.